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Integrated Circuit Code and IC Code List: In-depth Analysis and Application

Post Date：2024-12-22，

Integrated Circuit Code and IC Code List

Introduction

Integrated Circuit (IC) is one of the basic components of modern electronic technology. It realizes a variety of electronic functions by integrating multiple electronic components (such as transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc.) on a small chip. With the continuous development of electronic equipment and technology, IC plays a vital role in various application fields. For easy identification and management, IC usually uses specific codes or models to identify its functions, parameters, performance and manufacturers.

In this article, we will explore the meaning, classification and common IC models of IC codes in detail. Understanding the structure and use of IC codes is very valuable for electronic engineers and technology enthusiasts.

What is an integrated circuit code?

IC codes are a unique way to identify integrated circuits, usually composed of letters, numbers and symbols. These codes convey some important information about ICs, including manufacturer, function type, version number, etc. IC codes are often used in occasions such as parts ordering, specification query, model replacement and troubleshooting.

Structure of IC Code

The structure of IC code varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, but usually includes the following basic parts:

Prefix letter: The prefix letter usually represents the functional category or manufacturer of the integrated circuit. For example:

LM: represents the series chip of National Semiconductor, usually linear integrated circuit.
TL: represents the low-power linear integrated circuit of Texas Instruments.
CD: represents the logic chip produced by Signetics (now Philips).
MC: represents the series chip of Motorola (now NXP).
Digital part: The digital part usually represents the model, series or version of the IC. Their specific meaning may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. For example:
74: usually represents the digital logic series integrated circuit (such as 74 series logic gates, triggers, etc.).
8: often used to represent 8-bit microprocessors or microcontrollers.
16: may represent 16-bit processors or related integrated circuits.

Suffix letter: The suffix letter is usually used to represent the IC packaging form, operating temperature range, version number, etc. For example:

N: stands for normal temperature range (usually 0°C to 70°C).
C: stands for extended temperature range (usually -40°C to 85°C).
D: usually stands for package type, such as DIP (Dual In-line Package) package.
S: stands for Surface Mount Technology (SMT).

IC Code / Integrated Circuit Identification Code / Marking Code List

Abbreviation	Manufacturer
AM	Advanced Micro Devices
TI	Texas Instruments
NS	National Semiconductor
ON	ON Semiconductor
ST	STMicroelectronics
AD	Analog Devices
MC	Motorola (now part of ON Semiconductor)
MAX	Maxim Integrated
ATMEL	Atmel (now part of Microchip Technology)
LT	Linear Technology (now part of Analog Devices)
NXP	NXP Semiconductors
XILINX	Xilinx
INFINEON	Infineon Technologies
FAIRCHILD	Fairchild Semiconductor (now part of ON Semiconductor)
MICROCHIP	Microchip Technology
CYPRESS	Cypress Semiconductor (now part of Infineon Technologies)
ROHM	Rohm Semiconductor
ALLEGRO	Allegro MicroSystems
FREESCALE	Freescale Semiconductor (now part of NXP Semiconductors）
INTEL	Intel
ARM	Arm Holdings
EXAR	Exar Corporation
SAMSUNG	Samsung Electronics
RENESAS	Renesas Electronics
TOSHIBA	Toshiba Corporation
PHILIPS	Philips Semiconductors
HITACHI	Hitachi
FUJITSU	Fujitsu
NEC	NEC Corporation
SANYO	Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd
PANASONIC	Panasonic Corporation
SONY	Sony Corporation
SHARP	Sharp Corporation
MITSUBISHI	Mitsubishi Electric
HARRIS	Harris Corporation
TEMIC	Temic Semiconductor
ZETEX	Zetex Semiconductors
VISHAY	Vishay Intertechnology
UTC	Unisonic Technologies

How to Read IC Date Code

Reading IC date code usually requires understanding the format used by the manufacturer to encode the manufacturing date of the integrated circuit.

Identification format: IC date codes usually follow the YYWW format, where YY represents the last two digits of the calendar year and WW represents the week of the year.
Determine the calendar year: The first two digits of the date code represent the last two digits of the calendar year in which the IC was manufactured. For example, if the date code is "2043", it means that the IC was manufactured in 2020.
Determine the week of the year: The last two digits of the date code represent the week of the year in which the IC was manufactured. For example, if the date code shows "2043", it means that the IC was manufactured in the 43rd week of the year.
Adjustment of the first week: Manufacturers usually consider the first week of the year to be the week of the first Thursday of the year. So, for example, if the calendar year starts on Wednesday or earlier, the first week of the year may be considered the last week of the previous year.

By understanding this format, you can determine the manufacturing date of the IC based on the date code. This information can be used for quality control, warranty tracking, and determining the age of components.

IC code classification

Integrated circuits can be divided into multiple categories based on their functions and application areas, and each type of IC has a unique coding method. Common integrated circuit classifications include:

1.Digital IC: Digital IC mainly processes discrete digital signals and is usually used for logical operations and data transmission. Common digital ICs include:

Logic gate IC (such as 74 series): including AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate, XOR gate, etc.
Timing IC (such as flip-flop, counter, register, etc.).
Memory IC (such as ROM, RAM, EPROM, etc.).
Microprocessor IC (such as Intel 8080, 8086, etc.).

2.Analog IC: Analog IC is used to process continuous analog signals and is widely used in amplification, modulation, demodulation and other fields. Common analog ICs include:

Operational amplifiers (such as LM741, TL081, etc.).
Voltage regulators (such as 7805, LM317, etc.).
Power management IC (such as DC-DC converter, LDO regulator, etc.).
Sensor interface IC (such as temperature sensor, light sensor interface IC, etc.).

3.Mixed-Signal IC: Mixed-Signal IC combines the functions of analog and digital circuits and is usually used in applications such as analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) and digital-to-analog conversion (DAC). Common mixed-signal ICs include:

Data converter IC: such as ADC, DAC converter.
PLL (PhaseLocked Loop) IC: used for frequency synthesis, clock synchronization, etc.

4.Power Management IC (Power Management IC, PMIC): Power management IC is used to manage and regulate voltage and current to ensure the stability of power supply. It is widely used in mobile phones, computers, cars and other devices. Common power management ICs include:

Battery management IC: such as battery charger IC, protection IC, etc.
Power converter IC: such as DC-DC converter, LDO regulator, etc.

5.RF IC : RF IC is used for signal transmission and reception in wireless communication, and is widely used in wireless communication, satellite, radar and other fields. Common RF ICs include:

Power amplifier: such as RF power amplifier for wireless communication.
RF switch: used for switching and controlling RF signals.
RF filter: used to remove noise and interference.

Common integrated circuit models and their applications

The following lists some common integrated circuit models and their applications to help understand their actual use.

1.74 series logic gate IC:

74LS00: dual 2-input AND gate.

74LS04: six inverters.

74LS138: 3 to 8 line decoder/multiplexer.

2.Operational amplifier IC:

LM741: classic general-purpose operational amplifier, used for signal amplification, filtering and other applications.

TL081: Low noise, low power operational amplifier, suitable for audio signal processing.

3.Voltage regulator IC:

LM317: Adjustable voltage regulator, widely used in power supply systems.

7805: Fixed 5V regulator, widely used in 5V power supply design.

4.Microcontroller IC:

PIC16F84: Widely used in embedded systems, suitable for control systems, sensor applications, etc.

AT89C51: Microcontroller based on 8051 architecture, used for simple control tasks.

5.DC-DC converter IC:

LM2596: Commonly used step-down DC-DC converter, suitable for voltage conversion such as 5V and 12V.

MP1584: High-efficiency step-down converter, widely used in battery-powered portable devices.

How ICs are Coded

In fact, modern integrated circuits (ICs) are often programmed using a variety of methods depending on their type and purpose.

In-circuit programming: Many ICs, especially microcontrollers and programmable logic devices such as FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), can be programmed while installed in the target circuit. This is usually done via a serial protocol such as JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) or SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). In-circuit programming allows the firmware or configuration of an IC to be easily updated and modified without removing it from the circuit.

External Flash or PROM programming: Some ICs, especially FPGAs and microcontrollers with limited on-chip memory, may have their configuration or firmware data loaded from an external Flash or PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) chip during startup. This allows more extensive or complex programs to be stored externally and loaded into the IC as needed.

Manufacturer-specific methods: Some ICs may have proprietary programming interfaces or methods that are specific to the manufacturer's tools and software. These methods may include specialized programming hardware or software provided by the manufacturer to facilitate programming and configuration of the IC.

One-Time Programmable (OTP) or Shielded ROM: Some ICs, especially those used for security purposes or applications where the firmware should not be modified after manufacturing, may have their programming permanently set during the manufacturing process. These ICs typically use OTP or Shielded ROM technology, where the programming is "burned" into the IC during the manufacturing process and cannot be changed afterwards.

In general, the method used to program an IC depends on factors such as the IC's architecture, memory capacity, application requirements, and the preferences of the manufacturer and end user.

How to choose the right IC?

Choosing the right IC depends on many factors, including application requirements, power consumption restrictions, packaging form, operating temperature range, etc. Here are some considerations when choosing an IC:

Functional requirements: First, it is necessary to clarify the functions that need to be implemented, such as digital logic operations, analog signal amplification, or power management.
Voltage and current requirements: Choose ICs with appropriate voltage and current handling capabilities to ensure stable operation.
Package type: Choose the appropriate package type according to actual needs, whether it is surface mount (SMD) or pin type (DIP).
Operating temperature range: Especially in industrial, automotive and other fields, it is necessary to choose a suitable operating temperature range.
Manufacturer and reliability: Choose ICs from well-known manufacturers to ensure their quality and long-term supply.

Conclusion

Integrated circuit codes and models are indispensable tools for electronic engineers and designers in their daily work. They not only help us identify and select ICs, but also provide us with detailed technical information and specifications. With the advancement of technology, the types and application range of integrated circuits are also expanding. From simple logical operations to complex signal processing, to sophisticated power management, ICs play an increasingly important role in all walks of life. Understanding IC codes and the technology behind them can help us design and innovate better.

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